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Table 1:2, First Settlers at Middleton“

Names of Householders Number in Household

Alexander Campbell William Craig Daniel Crawford William Crawford William Cropley

Nathaniel Eustace (Huestis) & Elizabeth Wright

Peter Eustace (Huestis)

Angus MacDonald

Job Wright & Elizabeth Wright

John Wright & Jane Schurman

Stephen Wright & Elizabeth L. Baker

William Wright & Sarah B. Schurman

Table 1:2 lists the twelve families resident in South West, i.e., Middleton, Township 27, in 1841; and the number of persons in each household.

Table 1:3, Comparison of Early Settlements1o

Kinkora-Shamrock (Irish Settlement)

Middleton (South West)

No. of Households 12 37 Total Population 73 212 No. born in P.E.I. 48 45 No. born in Ireland 1 155 No. born in Scotland 10 1 No. born in other British colonies 14 11 Baptists ' 15 -— Church of Scotland 9 1

Methodists 45 — Presbyterians 3 ’“ Roman Catholics l 211

Total land occupied 2726 acres Total land owned 200 acres Total land leased

or held by verbal agreement 2526 acres Amount of land cultivated 147 acres Cattle owned 117 Horses owned 14

Pigs owned 145 Sheep owned 121

These two settlements, Middleton and Kinkora- Shamrock, were significantly different in size, ethnic origins, religion and economic conditions, as Table 1:3 shows.

The Irish settlement, although almost three times larger in population, had fewer Island-born residents than did South West. It also was almost exclusively Irish and Roman Catholic, while South West had a variety of ethnic and religious groups. The economic differences between them were even more striking. The average size of a farm at Middleton was 118 acres, compared with only 74 at Kinkora—Shamrock. Those in Middleton owned 4 1/2 times more land, and were cultivating more than three times the acreage cultivated at the Irish settlement. The Middleton settlement also contained a saw mill and a school, both on the Wright’s property.

These statistics suggest that the Middleton settlement was in a better economic position than Kinkora- Shamrock. Its advantages probably resulted from earlier arrival; the land grant to the Loyalists; ownership of more land; and a smaller population base with only 36% of its residents under the age of sixteen, compared to 68 070 under that age at Kinkora-Shamrock. The larger number of horses at Middleton is also a strong indicator of economic success.

Both these settlements were part of the estate owned by Mr. and Mrs. Horatio Mann of Philadelphia, USA. Mrs. Mann, formerly Isabella Searle, inherited the 10,000 acre estate from her father, Colonel James Searle]1 He had received this land, the northern half of Township 27 in Prince County, P.E.I., as a gift from the British Govern- ment in 1767, when the Island was divided into sixty—seven lots and given to soldiers, politicians and others favoured by the British Government]2 Like most other absentee lan—

downers Colonel Searle was slow to bring settlers to his