over an open fire. Lye made trom soaking the hardwood ashes in water’ would be mixed in. When the mixture became thick, it would be poure¢ into a tub to cool. To make the soap hard, salt would be added when the mixture came to a boil. After it cooled and hardened, it would be cut inte squares. 65. Canavoy. The stand ona private wood lot has a few that are at leas} 120 years old, up to 79 feet in height, with a diameter of at least 25 inches. 66. The crushed bark was valuable since it was a primary tannin compound in the hide-tanning process.

67. Not much more than 20 feet. As a fresh water supply was vital, the water would be drawn by rudimentary wooden pumps that were handcrafted from logs. | 68. If the land was already cleared, it would be burned, with planting immediately following. Grain and turnip seed would be sown by hand, Planting the burnt land was slow, hard, back-breaking work. | 69. Inthe mid 1800’s, a sickle or a reaping hook would be used. Thi grain would be reaped and then tied in sheaves for transport to a dry storage. 70. Ascythe. The early settlers would often purchase an imported scythe from England and then count on the local blacksmith to keep it in condition. They would mow the first meadow and move on to the next and the next, Then they would return to the first to commence raking. The hay would then be stacked, to be hauled home when the ground was frozen.

71. It would be pulled up by the roots. The flax would then be hackled, spun and woven into clothing and other materials.

72. He was ploughing his fields in January. In 1955 inclement weather did not allow the harvest to be completed, nor the fields to be ploughed. In a prolonged thaw, the snow disappeared and farmers were able to return the fields.

73. East of the Heath Dingwell farm in North Lake. It was constructed by John Morrow in 1825.

74. The plant was in first-class order and consisted of a 40 horse-power boiler and engine, a 60-inch all iron rotary, a shingle and athe

machine, planer and matcher, stave saw, jig-saw, box-board matcher. cheese box-cover rounding saw, small rip and cut saw, a taper-ground rotary saw for cheese-box shooks, shaftings, pulleys and belting, pipe dies and tongs. 75. Starbird J. Rose (1865-1947). He was well known for his ability to\ construct good solid wheelbarrows. Samples of his handiwork along wit his photograph were in the magazine.

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54 Land & Sea Answers