202 FALCONS, HAWKS, EAGLES, ETC. 
     
    
   
   
    
     the basal half with more or less rufous, the inner webs of the feathers with 
     
     sometimes white bars; under parts white or whitish, streaked or spotted with 
     
     blaek or blaekish, the legs sometimes barred with rut'ous. 6 11.,18'30; W., 
     
     12-61); 'l‘., b'Ut); B. from X, '75. <2 14., ZU'oo: W., 1:560; T., 9'00. 
     
    
   
   
    
           
     
    
   
   
    
     FIG. (SQ—Four-uotched primaries of Red-shouldered Hawk. (Reduced) 
     
    
   
   
    
       
     
    
   
   
    
     1X)('IIl//)'d‘8.#l\dulLS of this species may always be known by the rich rufous 
     
     lesser wing-coverts. Immature birds are sometimes confused with the young 
     
     of the Red-tailed or Bread-winged Hawks. From the former they may be 
     
     distinguished by their small size, rufeus margins of the lesser \\'ing-eoverts 
     
     ochraeeous-lmtl markings on the primaries, and the continuously streaked 
     
     under parts; from the latter they ditl'er in having four instead of three outer 
     
     primaries “notched," in being larger, and in having oehruceous—bufi' on the 
     
     primaries. 
     
    

    
     [Bang/raAliastern North America, north to Nova Seotia and Manitoba; resi— 
     
     dent nearly throughmit its range. 
     
    

    
     Washington, common 1’. R. Sing Sing. common l’. R. Cambridge, com— 
     
     mon 1’. R., less common in winter. 
     
    

    
     Nest, in trees, thirty to sixty feet from the ground. Eggs, three to six, 
     
     dull white, generally more or less sprinkled, spotted. or blotched with cinna— 
     
     mon—brown or chocolate, 215 x 1'65. 
     
    

    
     The present species and the Red-tailed Hawk are the birds to which 
     
     the names Chicken Hawk and Hen Hawk are most frequently misap- 
     
     plied. Being both common species whose habits render them easily 
     
     observed, they are often unjustly made to suffer for the sins of their 
     
     bird-killing,r relatives of the genus Arez'piler. 
     
    

    
     The farmer sees a Hawk sailing,r in wide circles above him, uttering 
     
     its fierce, screaming cry of lice-yon, l.‘er?«_1/0u. \Vhile he is watching it 
     
     a sly, low-flying Aref/It'ler slips by him and makes a sudden dash into 
     
     the poultry yard. The farmer does not discriminate; a Ilawk is a 
     
     Hawk, and, shaking his fist at the bird in the air, he vows vengeance 
     
     at the first opportunity. 
     
    

    
     The lied-shouldered Hawk is at most times of the your a bird of 
     
     the woods. Particularly does it like low woods watered with small 
     
     streams from which it can obtain its favorite food of frogs. Its note 
     
     is one of the common sounds of summer. and can be heard when the 
     
     bird is almost lost to sight far up in the sky. It is frequently itni- 
     
     tilted by the Blue Jay.