273 FINCIIES, SPARROWS. ETC.

reddish ; haunts orchards and wooded growths; song a liquid warble; eull~note a metallic (Iii/1k, frequently uttered while on the wing. 517. PURPLE Fmon. D. Length ahout 6-00; plumage dull blood—red; mandibles crossed at the tips; generally t'ound in small flocks in coniferous woods; utters a clicking or whistled note when on the wing (rarely found south of New England at'ter May 1) . . . . . . . . 52]. RE!) CROSSBILL. E. Breast white, tinged with hrown: region ahout the hill red, 3 yellow band in the wings (rare except in the vicinity of New York city). J‘Zt‘tzovrzax GOLUFINCII. IV. Breast without either yellow, red, or blue. 1. Under parts distinctly streaked or spotted.

A. Uuter tail~teathcrs white; showing conspicuously when the bird flies; haunts dry fields and roadsides; song loud and musical.

540. VESPER SPARROW.

B. ()uter tail~f2athers not white.

0. Son}; loud and musical: an abundant and familiar bird of gen— eral distribution: spots on the breast'tending to form one larger spot in the center; crown umber, a whitish line over the eye.

531. SONG SPARROW.

b. Song not loud and musical; short and generally unattractive; haunts wet meadows or marshes: passes most of the time on the ground, rarely perehing far from it, and when flushed generally returning to it.

[11. A batty line over the eye and at the side of the throat, breast. generally washed with butt'y ; haunts only salt marshes (rarely found far from the vicinity of the seashore.)

549. SimuP—TMLEI» SPARROW.

b“. No butt on the sides of the head or breast; upper parts black— ish; song ix[p—tx51;»tsilx’sfi—P-fr~s‘r'—r—r; rarely breeds south of New York city; haunts both salt— and t'resh~\\'ater marshes.

642a. SAYANNA SPARROW.

()3. Back reddish, head and neck butt'y olive; haunts generally wet pastures: song an ineonspietmus mulch-l; t ~ather rare; liv- in},r in small colonies of local distribution).

547. llrzxsmw‘s SPARROW. 2. Under parts not distinctly streaked or spotted.

A, Thrnnt pure white. sharply defined from the grayish breast; a yellow spot, over the eye; crown black, with a central stripe of white; haunts thickets or liusliy woodlands; song a high, clear. musical whistle; call-note a sharp (-lu'nk.

555‘. \Vnt'rE—TimoATI-zn SPAthow.

15’. Throat and breast black.

(1. Sides of the throat and belly white, crown ash, sides of the head chestnut . . . . . . . . . J’. 21523. lloesr: Smmzow.

1). Length 5'01); sides of the body light rutbns, outer tail-feathers tipped with white; haunts thickets and bushy woodlands; call- note a vigorous tow/we or circa—wink . . . . . 587. TOWIIEE.