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FAMILY LANHDEE. SHRIKES.

The Shrikes, numbering about two hundred species, are largely ‘eonfined to the Old World. Only two species are found in America. both members: of the subfamily lxmt'z'nw or true Slirikes. Their char- acteristic habits are deseribed under their respective names.

621. Lanius borealis 1744/]. Nou'rnliuy Simian; BPI't'lllilt-BIRI). Ari." Lipper parts gray; nines and tail black; primaries white at the base, secondaries tipped with white or grayish; (rater. sometimes all. the tail— f‘eathers tipped with white. the outer t’eatlierniostly white: forehead u'lu’tis/L; lores [/IYIII/IIAIL black; eaH-overts black; under parts white. generally tinely barred with black; bill hooked and liawklike. [UL—Similar, but entire plumage more or less hearily barred or washed with grayish brown. L., 1032; XV, 4' T.. 4‘0“: ll. from N., 5.").

IA)(Il/_//('.—B)‘Uml$ in the interior in the far north :Fort Anderson. )IacFar— lane). and migrates southward in winter as far as Kansas and Virginia.

Washington. rare atid irregular \\'. \'.. Nov. to Felt. Sing Sing. tolerably Common W. \'.,()et. 20' to Apl. 17. Cambridge, common W. V., Nov. 1 to Apl. 1.

flesh. of twigs. grasses, ete.. in low trees or bushes. Iz'gg/x, similar in color to those of L. liolm‘ieimnm, 1-0.3 x ‘76.

This bird may be known at, once by his colors—gay, black. and white—by the consternation his appea‘anee causes among the Spar- rows, and by his peculiar flight. which is steady and straightforvard, with much flapping. and close to the ground till he nears his in- tended pereh, which is reached at the last moment by a sudden up- ward turn.

He is so well known as a bird of hawklike. sanguinary character that most students are astonished when they find out that toward springtime he develops into a vocalist of no mean powers. Often in the warm days of March he may be heard singing on the top of some tall tree, a songr that would do credit to a (,‘atbird—indeed. it recalls strongly that loquaeious songster. [Ie is. I think, a better singer than his southern cousin, but resembles him in habitually impaling his prey on a thorn. a fence barb. or a forked twig. llis food consists chiefly of miee, noxious insects. and the equallynoxious English Spar— row, so that the Shrike, is a bird worthy of.all proteetion.

,l‘luxns'r I“. Tnoursox.

622. Lanius ludovlcianus 1.17172. T.m:r;I-:qu-:.\n Snmui-z. (See Fig. 51.) A-t:/.—-l’pper parts gray. wings and tail blaek. primaries white at the base, secondaries tipped with white; outer, sometimes all, the. tail— feathers tipped with white; the outer t'-ather mostly white; lores black, connected by a. narrow blue/c line on the tbrehead at. the base of the bill; ear—coverts black ; under parts white, sometimes tinged with gray. L., 9‘00;