198 ' NEWFOUNDLAND.

Portuguese navigator of distinguished family, who made a voyage to Newfoundland in 1561. It has several settlements on the west side, from Point de Grates to the bottom of the bay: the principal are Carbonier and Harbour Grace.

Carbonier is an important fishing-station; but the harbour is not equal to Harbour Grace, being more exposed. The whole of the west coast of Concep- tion Bay, particularly that part called the North Shore, is very much exposed to easterly winds. In 1775, all the vessels belonging to Harbour Grace and Carbonier were driven on shore; and one hundred or more boats were impelled into one cove, Where they were dashed to pieces against the rocks, and all the crewsperished. # I

Harbour Grace is a safe, but rather intricate har- bour, having a spit nearly across the entrance; but it has a remarkably fine beach, which is a great con- venience for the fishery. Its population is said to be near 5000. There are a respectable school and some other public buildings here. There is a church, in which the Episcopal missionary ofiiciates ; a large Catholic chapel, With a high steeple, detached; and Presbyterian and Methodist meeting-houses. Also, a weekly newspaper is printed in this place.

Between Harbour Grace and Holyrood, at the head of the bay, there are numerous settlements in the coves and bays that separate a succession of per- pendicular cliffs, and wild rugged promontories.

The only settlement of consequence on the east side of Conception Bay, is Portugal Cove. It is'a