198 NEWFOUNDLAND . Portuguese navigator of distinguished family, who made a voyage to Newfoundland in 1561. It has several settlements on the west side, from Point de Grates to the bottom of the bay : the principal are Carbonier and Harbour Grace. Carbonier is an important fishing-station; but the harbour is not equal to Harbour Grace, being more exposed. The whole of the west coast of Concep¬ tion Bay, particularly that part called the North Shore , is very much exposed to easterly winds. In 1775, all the vessels belonging to Harbour Grace and Carbonier were driven on shore; and one hundred or more boats were impelled into one cove, where they were dashed to pieces against the rocks, and all the crews perished. Harbour Grace is a safe, but rather intricate har¬ bour, having a spit nearly across the entrance; but it has a remarkably fine beach, which is a great con¬ venience for the fishery. Its population is said to be near 5000. There are a respectable school and some other public buildings here. There is a church, in which the Episcopal missionary officiates ; a large Catholic chapel, with a high steeple, detached; and Presbyterian and Methodist meeting-houses. Also, a weekly newspaper is printed in this place. Between Harbour Grace and Holyrood , at the head of the bay, there are numerous settlements in the coves and bays that separate a succession of per¬ pendicular cliffs, and wild rugged promontories. The only settlement of consequence on the east side of , is Portugal Cove. It is a