268 AB01UGINES OF NEWFOUNDLAND . longer existed, the spirits of one and all of us were very deeply affected. The old mountaineer was par¬ ticularly overcome. There were everywhere indica¬ tions that this had long been the central and undis¬ turbed rendezvous of the tribe, when they had en¬ joyed peace and security. But these primitive people had abandoned it, after having been tormented by parties of Europeans during the last eighteen years. Fatal rencontres had, on these occasions, unfortu¬ nately taken place. " We spent several melancholy days wandering on the borders of the east end of the lake, surveying the various remains of what we now contemplated to have been an unoffending and cruelly extirpated people. At several places, by the margin of the lake, are small clusters of summer and winter wigwams in ruins. One difference, among others, between the Boeothic wigwams and those of other Indians is, that in most of the former there are small hollows, like nests, dug in the earth, around the fire-place, and in the sides of the wigwam, so that I think it probable these people have been accustomed to sleep in a sit¬ ting position. There was one wooden building con¬ structed for drying and smoking venison in, still per¬ fect ; also a small log-house, in a dilapidated condi¬ tion, which we took to have been a store-house. The wreck of a large handsome birch-rind canoe, about twenty-two feet in length, comparatively new, and certainly very little used, lay thrown up among the bushes at the beach. We supposed that the violence of a storm had rent it in the way it was found, and