4‘60 RELIARKS ON EMIGRATION.

necessary for the emigrant, in order to guard against imposition, to make his enquiries for vessels through men of established good character, and who may have some knowledge of the owners of ships taking passengers ; the ship, if possible, of a size that admits about six feet height between the decks, and not an

old vesselfi‘e Much expense and inconvenience will be saved by

embarking in a ship. bound to a port nearest to the emigrant’s point of destination.

The establishment of steam-boats between the most convenient ports in the United Kingdom and

agent of the Brazilian government. These poor deluded men, on landing in South America, discovered that the intention of Don Pedro was to make soldiers of them; and, on refusing to become such, every tenth man was imprisoned. After enduring great misery, either the British ambassador or the British consul, (I am not certain which,) insisted on their being conveyed to Ireland, or to some British colony. Vessels were accordingly chartered for the purpose; the brig Highlander carried from Rio de Janeiro to St John’s N. B. 171 men, 31 women, and 14 children, who were landed in a state of wretched poverty. These people were liberally relieved by the provincial government, and also through the bene- volence of the inhabitants. Another vessel from the same place arrived at Halifax, with about an equal number in a similar miser- able condition, many of whom were sent to the poor-house, or otherwise assisted. lVIuch as the condition of paupers, arriving under such circumstances, is to be deplored, were it not from feel- ings of great benevolence for the suffering individuals, the people of Nova ‘Scotia and New Brunswick might be said to go almost too far in relieving men duped by Don Pedro. A Colonel Cotteril was, I believe, the agent of the Brazilian government in this business.

5" Rates of passage depend much on circumstances, the place of destination, and the class in which the ship stands.