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After Upper Canada was set apart as a separate Province, Major Holland continued as Surveyor- General for Lower Canada In 1793, surveys were made 1n the older Province under his direction as follows :——By Deputy Surveyor J. Kilborn, the townships of Barnston, Hatley and Stanstead; by F. Legendre, Broughton; by N Coffin, Bulstrode; by Jas. Rankin Shipton; H. Holland and Major Walker surveyed Hinchinbrook. (No doubt this was Henry, son of Major Samuel). In 1794 Deputy Surveyor J. Kilborn surveyed Hemmingford; Beaupre surveyed Hunterstown, and J. B. du Berger surveyed Stukely. In 1795, Hereford was surveyed by Deputy Surveyor Jas. Rankin. In 1796 Jos. Pennoyer surveyed Barnstone; in 1797 J. Kilborn surveyed Brome and Compton. In 1798 Pennoyer surveyed Clifton, and the following year Kilborn surveyed Ascot. In 1800 S. E. Watson surveyed Buckingham; John Clarke surveyed Sheffield and Stoke, and Jeremiah McCarthy surveyed Thetford. In 1801 McCarthy surveyed Grantham and C. S. Baily the township of Brompton.

Jeremiah McCarthy was appointed in September, 1795. He made surveys along the upper St. Lawrence, and in 1811 made a plan of the Town of Elizabeth- town, but in 1812 the name was changed to Brockville.

With advancing years and failing health, Major Holland deputed all field operations to his deputies. Many of these had received their training in the Surveyor-General’s office, and with the experienced deputy surveyors in the field. Major Holland, however, remained in office as Surveyor-General until his death.

It is not probable that Major Holland visited Cataraqui or any point west of Montreal after 1784. He was fully employed at the Quebec office in issuing instructions to the deputy surveyors employed from Gaspe t0 the Detroit River, in superintending the preparation of plans and records and in guiding and controlling all surveying operations.

During this period surveys were being made of townships in the rear of the old French seigniories, and on the boundary line between Quebec and the United States. He was also employed in the preparation of a plan of the province from Gaspe to Montreal, which was published in 1791. This plan, now in exist- ence, contains much of interest for the student of early Canadian history.

Holland's name is commemorated in the Province of Ontario by the small river that flows into Cook’s Bay, the southerly end of Lake Simcoe. It may be noted here that the bay was named after the famous Captain Cook, the navigator and explorer, and the lake after the father of Lieutenant-Governor John Graves Simcoe. It is reported that Governor Simcoe and suite were housed under a large tent that formerly belonged to Captain Cook, when the Governor first took up his residence at Toronto.

Major Holland must be acknowledged as the originator of the system of land surveying that was adopted in Canada after 1780, and in this province from 1783. Other systems were adopted subsequently and some discarded, but the general principles of surveying Crown lands as followed by Major Holland and his deputies are the basis of the instructions issued to-day by the Crown Lands Departments at Quebec and at Toronto.