GEOGRAPHIC BOARD OF CANADA 31

and France in 1755, he went to London where the Duke procured him a commission as engineer lieutenant in the 60th (Royal American) regiment of foot, then being raised. In 1758 and 1759 he took part as engineer in the sieges of Louisbourg and Quebec. In 1762 Holland was employed in Quebec as assistant engineer by Governor Murray, who had a high opinion of his abilities. The governor sent him to England in 1762 with various plans which he had made. In England he submitted a scheme to the Lords Commissioners of Trade and Plantations for a scientific survey of the British possessions in America, which would facilitate settlement. Under this scheme, North America was to be divided into a northern district, extending from Hudson bay to Virginia, and southern district, including the country between Virginia and the gulf of Mexico, with a surveyor general of lands to be appointed for each, to act under instructions from the Lords Commissioners. On March 6, 1764, the year following the treaty of Paris, Holland was appointed surveyor general of the northern district and was instructed to survey Prince Edward Island, the Magdalens and Cape Breton island in the order given, as they were considered of the greatest importance from their situation for fishing. A full report, giving a careful descrip: tion of the country and its capabilities. was to accompany the map. Taking with him as assistants Lieutenants Robinson, Haldimand and Carleton, and Mr. Thomas Wright, who became surveyor general of Prince Edward Island in 1770, Holland sailed from England in the ship Canceaux, 200 tons, purchased and fitted out by the Board, of Trade for survey work. Lieut. Carleton died in the gulf of St. Lawrence. Governor Murray appointed Holland a member of the Legislative Council and he attended the first meeting August 13, 1764. From Quebec Holland and his staff proceeded in the Canceaux to Prince Edward Island. Hillsborough bay was reached in October, 1764. “Winter is set in” Holland writes on October 28, 1764. On November 14 he writes: “I was in, hopes of finding a lodging in the fort, or in some deserted houses near it, but Fort Amherst, as they call it, is only a poor stockaded redoubt, with barracks scarcely sufficient to lodge the garrison, and the houses that were near it were all pulled down to get material to build it.” He had arranged that two of the gentlemen were “to remain on board of the Canceaux for the winter, which is now unrigged and laid up in a cove (Canceaux cove) a mile distant from the fort, where she is entirely out of danger, from the ice doing her the least harm by driving upon her when it breaks up in the spring.” For himself and the rest of his party he was obliged to build a house (into which he moved December 8) and accordingly chose “a spot in the woods near the seashore,” about a mile below the fort, “properly situated for making astronomical observations.” He named the place Observation (now Holland) cove. On February 15, 1765, the survey of the island was begun by four parties. On_Oct0ber 4 Holland was able to send Lieut. Robinson to the Lords Commissioners of Trade in England with maps of Prince Edward Island and of the Magdalen islands (surveyed by Lieut. Haldimand in 1765). On December 31, 1768, Holland was granted lot 28 by Lord_Wm. Campbell, lieutenant governor of Nova Scotia, and some of his holdings are to-day in the possession of his descendants. Holland was twice married. He appears to have made the island his home, 1764 to 1769, and in compliance with the terms of his grant to have sent to the island farmers and old soldiers as settlers. Holland’s later career was one of eminence, but it does not concern Prince Edward Island. Asketch of 1t_w1th documents by Willis Chipman, Toronto, will be found in the Ontario Historical SOCiety Papers and Records, Vol. XXI, 1924.

Hollow; river, lot 42. A very small stream. Lake, 1863. Holm; cove, lot 58. Chart, 1846.

Holman; island, Bedeque Bay. Isle de Bedec of de la Roque, 1752. Indian island on Hol- land, 1765, on chart, 1849, on Wright and Cundall, 1874, on Meacham, 1880, and on De- partment of Interior map, 1914. Late editions of the chart have Holman island, and this is the local name. The island was also known at one time as Flynn’s, after aneccentric hermit who lived on it. Also as Pope’s, after Hon. J. C. Pope, merchant and shipbuilder. J. L. Holman bought from Pope and built in the 1870’s _a very fine summer hotel and ran a ferry steamer from Summerside. The enterprise was killed by the mosquitoes, but R. T. Holman’s family still own the island. The hotel was destroyed by fire.

Hope; creek. tributary to Mill river at St. Anthony, lot 5. Hill map, 1821. Trout river in Meacham, 1880.

Hope; river, lot 22. Also Hope River settlement. Holland, 1765. May be_after Colonel (later Brigadier General) Hope, Lieutenant Governor of Quebec, 1785—89, friend of Haldi- mand.

Hopefield; settlement with post office, lot 64.

Home; point, Rustico bay, lot 24. Homes point in Meacham, 1880, which shows John Horne settler here.

Horse; head, lot 1.

Horseshoe; shoals, Malpeque bay, Chart, 1850. Howard; cove, lot 7. In Meacham, 1880, which shows Thomas Howard, landowner here.

Howard; creek, lot 32. Win. Heward, from Ireland settled in lot 32 before 1828.