.—_3—— 
     
     are of the very finest and sweet smelling. and found that they were cedars, 
     
     pines, white elms, ashes, willows, and many others to us unknown. The 
     
     lands where there are no woods are very beautiful, and all full of peason, 
     
     white and red gooseberries, strawberries, blackberries, and wild grain like 
     
     rye; it seems there to have been sown and ploughed. This is a land of 
     
     the best temperature which it is possible to see, and of great heat, and 
     
     there are many (loves and thrushes and other birds; it only,wants harbours.” 
     
    
   
   
    
     In 1663, Isle St. Jean, with other Islands was granted by 
     
     the Company of New France to Sieur Francois Doublet, a 
     
     French Naval Captain, who, with others, established fishing 
     
     stations; but it was not until the Peace of Utretch in 17r3, 
     
     which closed a fierce struggle between England and France, 
     
     that the Island began to attract settlers. 
     
    

    
     About 1715 the permanent peopling commenced. The 
     
     expulsion of the Acadians from Nova Scotia in 1755 consider- 
     
     ably augmented the population. From 1713 to 1758 the colony 
     
     was under the control of the French. Port la Joie (Charlotte- 
     
     town), Pinette and Cerau-I appear to have been the earliest 
     
     of the French settlements, but other places such as St. Peter’s, 
     
     Rustico and Malpeque soon sprang up. But colonization was 
     
     slow, for in 1728 the population was only 300, and in 1745 it 
     
     did not exceed rooo souls. At this time England and France 
     
     were again at war. and the Island of St. John was captured by 
     
     the New England forces; but it was afterwards restored to the 
     
     French, by the Treaty of Aix-la-Chappelle. The fall of Louis— 
     
     burg caused several French families to remove from Cape 
     
     Breton to Isle St. Jean. The great fortress was restored to 
     
     France in 1748, but it again fell into the hands of the British 
     
     in 1758 under the leadership of the gallant Wolfe. After the 
     
     capture of Louisburg, the Island was seized by British Ships. 
     
     At this time it was well stocked with horned cattle, and some corn 
     
     was shipped annually to the Quebec market. And now followed 
     
     the fall of Quebec, and by the Treaty of Fontainebleau in 1763, 
     
     Cape Breton, the Island of St. John. and Acadia, were ceded 
     
     to Great Britain, the two Islands named being placed under 
     
     the Government of Nova Scotia. But the Acadians kept up a 
     
     determined hostility, and during 1756 and 1757 assisted the 
     
     Indians in committing depredations in Nova Scotia. Strong 
     
     means were used to enforce their submission, and some were