PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND. 165 notably in its transportation; so we can only by combination of all those prosecuting par¬ ticular avocations, secure in quantity, qual¬ ity, efficient packing and proper marketing, the normal profits which flow from honest toil in them. Horticulture perhaps more than anything else looks to this for its greatest impetus.. As with the dairy inter¬ est here, it is to be hoped that the authori¬ ties will organize this great fruit industry on a commercial basis, and combine its vari¬ ous and separate resources for united action, so that from it may come more readily than from anything else in general husbandry, satisfactory monetary results—results which will quickly push horticulture within reason¬ able distance of its ultimate possibilities and add another pleasing name to our province's list of cherished appellations.—"The Or¬ chard of Canada ." THE DAIRYING INDUSTRY. By John Anderson . Butter and cheese have been produced here for over one hundred and forty years, but until the year 1883 it was what is now termed dairy-made, that is, made on the farms in distinction from that used in the creameries and cheese factories and which is called creamery butter and factory cheese. This dairy product supplied the local de¬ mand to a large extent with butter and to limited amount with cheese until the open¬ ing of the first cheese factory in 1883 and the first creamery in 1SS7. The first cheese factories were opened as stock companies, but not altogether as co-operative associa¬ tions. They were located at , Lot 49, in Queens county, Dunk river ( Central Bedeque ), and St. Eleanor's in Prince county. Unfortunately, the one at had only been operated a season or two when it was burned and was not re¬ built. It produced a good article of cheese and the returns favorably impressed its pa¬ trons with that manner of handling their milk. The Dunk River factory continued in operation for seven seasons, but finally closed. The St. Eleanor's factory contin¬ ued in operation for about twenty successive cheese seasons and supplied the local trade largely. Its make of cheese became very popular with us and continued so to the end. The general movement a few years ago planted factories around it, cutting up its territory so badly that the company was compelled to sell and close down. This, the most successful of the first cheese factories, was for the want of some proper apportion¬ ment of territory, crowded to death. In 1887 the Cornwall factory was cre¬ ated and continued in operation for a short time. From various causes all these first factories except St. Eleanor's were closed when Prof. James W . Robertson, then Do¬ minion dairy commissioner, visited the province in 1891, with the intention of in¬ troducing co-operative dairying as prac¬ ticed successfully in Ontario . He spoke at public meetings called for the purpose, ex¬ plaining the new plan and offering assist¬ ance to carry it out. The first meeting was held at Kensington in Prince county, and al¬ though favorably impressed, the farmers were slow to avail themselves of the offer. On going to Kings county Prof. Robertson met with better success. His offer was ac-