TOURING QUEBEC AND THE MARITIMES 35

British North America, and the largest city in New Brunswick. It is situated on the Bay of Fundy, where the St. John River runs into the sea.

Champlain has left an interesting account of his first visit to the harbour of St. John, June 24th, 1604. He entered by the channel on the east side of Partridge Island. On Navy Island, near the Carleton side, he found an In- dian encampment and a large cabin, which was arranged for defence against enemies. Their name for the site of Parr Town, or the main site of modern St. John was “Men- ah-Queck.” '

The Indians were inclined to be friendly, and were anxious to trade for trinkets, knives, etc. It was quite evident that they had met Europeans before. The French , soon cultivated the friendship of the Big Chief of the River, Choudun, and he proved a helpful ally. In I605 he took Champlain to the Basin of Minas to show him the location of a copper mine.

St. John’s growth dates back from 1783, when five thousand U. E. Loyalists settled on the present site. A Royal Charter, dated May 17th, 1785, incorporated Parr Town and Carletonas the city of St. John. ,

In I787 it was decided to. establish a system of fire protection, several wells being sunk, and two fire engines purchased. I

The first Episcopal Church, old Trinity, was begun in I788, the corner stone being laid by Rev. Dr. Inglis, first Anglican bishop in British North America. It was opened for use on Christmas Day, 1791. In 1812 a steeple was added and a clock placed in it, the only public clock in the - city for many years; it continued in service until the church was burned in 1877.

On June 16th, 1794 there were great celebrations in the city in connection with the first visit of a member of