animals owned by the farmers.

Table 3: wheat — 43 ' horses — 14 barley — 236 cattle — 117 oats — 1560 sheep — 121 potatoes 6560 pigs — 146

(in bushels)

The small amount of land under cultivation, and the small

crop yields, while perhaps only approximate, remind us of

the long and difficult task of replacing forest with farms. J. T. Lewellin writing to future immigrants to P.E.I. in 1826:

described this work in detail in the following passage.

The first operation of settlement upon a wood farm is to cut down the timber, which is done about a yard from the ground; it is then junked into nine feet lengths and burnt; the trunks which remain are piled and again burnt, until the settler is enabled to put in his potato crop, which is done by gathering with the hoe such mould as the roots will admit of into hills, in each of which four or five sets

are planted. Wheat, sown broad—east, and covered with the hoe, generally succeds; or oats, among which timothy seed is, or ought to be, sown for hay, and the land suffered to remain under grass till the stumps will come out, commonly in five or.six years, if the timber had been hardwood. (10)

In addition to clearing their own farms these early settlers also worked in the nearby settlements at Bedegue and Tryon,

where, according to Burke and Blanchard, "they were paid for

their work in young cattle, grain seed and such like."

The Census data reveals some evidence of economic difference

among the settlers. Thirteen households (35%) owned all the