ATTITUDES TO THE FOREST AND TO FOREST-RELATED ACTIVITIES:

THE BRITISH BACKGROUND ................................................ 111 THE UTILITARIAN VIEW The forest as a source of materials .................................... 114 The forest as a provider of farmland ................................... 115

‘PSYCHOLOGICAL’ ATTITUDES TO THE FOREST

The names applied to the pre-settlement forest ........................... 116 Negative impressions of the forest ..................................... 116 The positive psychological effects of forest clearance ...................... 118 Forest clearance and the theme of progress ............................. 119 The achievement in retrospect ........................................ 120

THE THREATS AND NUISANCES PERCEIVED AS COMING FROM THE FOREST

The forest viewed as an obstacle to settlement and a threat to survival ........ 121 The forest viewed as the home of dangerous animals ..................... 121 The difficulties and dangers of travel in the forest ......................... 122 The forest and social isolation ........................................ 123 The forest as the source of the vole plagues ............................. 124

‘AESTHETIC' ATTITUDES TOWARDS THE ISLAND’S FOREST AND TREES

The aesthetic appreciation of specific tree species ........................ 125 The aesthetic appreciation of the forests per se ........................... 126 The aesthetic appreciation of the forests as a component of the landscape ..... 127

THE ‘ROMANTIC’ FOREST

The forest as a place of novelty and adventure .......................... 129

The forest as a place for contemplation and self-discovery .................. 130

The forest as a place of recreation and pleasure .......................... 131 THE ‘SCIENTIFIC FOREST’ ................................................. 132 ATTITUDES AND CONFLICTS CONCERNING TIMBER OWNERSHIP

The proprietors” complaint ........................................... 133

The tenant-farmer's grievance ........................................ 135

‘Timber stealing’ ................................................... 137 ‘MORAL’ ATTITUDES TO THE TIMBER TRADE

The root of the conflict between farming and lumbering .................... 139

Negative attitudes towards the forest-based industries ..................... 140

ATTITUDES TOWARDS THE ROLE OF THE

FOREST IN THE ECONOMY OF THE ISLAND ................................... 142 THE ATTITUDE TO FOREST CONSERVATION .................................. 143 THE ATTITUDE TO FOREST PRESERVATION ................................... 144 CONCLUSIONS ....................................................................... 147 REFERENCES ...................................................................... 148

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