L83 
     
    
   
   
    
     Picea rubra Macoun 1894. Red spruce'. Picea rubens (red spruce) 
     
     atson ost 1904. Red Sorfiuce 
     
    
   
   
    
     Pinus balsamea Stewart 1806: ‘Fir’. Abies balsamea (balsam fir). 
     
     Sleigh 1853: ‘Balsam or fir'. 
     
     Bagster 1861: ‘Balsam’. 
     
    
   
   
    
     Pinus abies Stewart 1806: ‘Hemlock’. Tsuga canadensis (hemlock). 
     
    
   
   
    
     Pinus canadensis Sleigh 1853: ‘Hemlock’. Tsuga canadensis (hemlock). 
     
     Bagster 1861 : ‘Canada pine‘. Tsuga canadensis (hemlock). 
     
    
   
   
    
     Abies canadensis Bain 1890: ‘Hemlock’. Tsuga canadensis (hemlock). 
     
     McSwain & Bain 1891: [no name given] 
     
    
   
   
    
     Pinus Iarix Stewart 1806: ‘Larch’. Larix laricina (tamarack). 
     
     Bagster 1861: ‘Larch‘. 
     
    
   
   
    
     Pinus pendula Sleigh 1853: ‘Tamarack’. Larix laricina (tamarack). 
     
    
   
   
    
     Bain1890z‘Larch'. Larix/aricina(tamarack). 
     
    
   
   
    
     * 
     
    
   
   
    
     Larix americana Perley 1847. American larch'. Larix laricina (tamarack). 
     
     Sleigh 1853: ‘Hacmatack or tamarack’ . 
     
     McSwain & Bain 1891: [no name given] 
     
     Macoun 1894: ‘Larch, tamarack‘. 
     
     Johnson 1895: ‘Larch’. 
     
    
   
   
    
     Cupressus thuyoides Bain 1890: ‘White cedar’. Thu/a occidental/s (white cedar). 
     
    
   
   
    
     The spruces as Picea were split off at some point from Abies (the 
     
     firs). Link (1831?) applied the name Picea rubra to the red spruce. 
     
    
   
   
    
     The firs were placed by Linnaeus (1753) In the Pinus genus and were 
     
     later split off as Abies. Miller (1768) applied the name Pinus 
     
     balsamea to balsam fir. 
     
    
   
   
    
     Pinus abies was a name once applied to the Norway spruce. Even 
     
     though hemlock was placed by Linnaeus (1753) in the Pinus genus, I 
     
     cannot find the name Pinus abies ever having been applied to it. Is it 
     
     Stewart’s own mistake? 
     
    
   
   
    
     Hemlock was placed by Linnaeus in the Pinus genus, the name Pinus 
     
     canadensis being given by him to the hemlock in 1763. (Bagster’s 
     
     “Pinus Canadensis Canada pine" must also be the hemlock.) 
     
    
   
   
    
     Hemlock, along with the firs and spruces, was split off at some point 
     
     from the pines and placed in the new genus Abies. The name Abies 
     
     canadensis was given to the hemlock by Michaux in 1803. 
     
    
   
   
    
     Pinus larix was the name given to the European larch by Linnaeus in 
     
     1753. Muenchausen (1770) included the North American tamarack 
     
     under the same name. 
     
    
   
   
    
     Pinus pendu/a was a name given by Aiton (1789) to the Siberian larch 
     
     Larix dahurica. It is listed as a synonym for Larix laricina by the PFD 
     
     database *, with the name Larix pendu/a also being used for the 
     
     tamarack by Masters (1892). 
     
    
   
   
    
     The name Larix microcarpa was applied to the tamarack by 
     
     Desfontaines (1809). 
     
    
   
   
    
     The name Larix americana was applied to the tamarack by Michaux 
     
     (1803). 
     
    
   
   
    
     Cupressus thyoides has never been a name for Thu/a occidenta/is. 
     
    

    
     However, it has been a name of a tree of the eastern United States, 
     
     now namedChamaecyparis thyoides, the white cypress, that is also 
     
     called ‘white cedar‘. 
     
    
   
   
    
       
     
    
   
   
    
     All of the comments come from (or are inferred from) Elwes & Henry (1910), except those for Pinus rubra, Pinus nigra, Pinus pendu/a (in part), and for the COIy/us spp. in the 
     
     next table, all of which come from the Plants for a Future Database (on the internet at: http://www.ibiblio.org/pfaf/D_search.html).